解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:BACKGROUND:Miners inhaling respirable coal dust (CD) frequently develop coal workers' pneumoconiosis, a dust-associated pneumoconiosis characterized by lung inflammation and variable fibrosis. Many coal miners are also exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) components of diesel engine exhaust and cigarette sm...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8906
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::U.S. chemical plants currently have potentially catastrophic vulnerabilities as terrorist targets. The possible consequences of these vulnerabilities echo from the tragedies of the Bhopal incident in 1984 to the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 and, most recently, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Findings from a 200...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8762
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we investigated the risk of hearing loss among workers exposed to both toluene and noise. We recruited 58 workers at an adhesive materials manufacturing plant who were exposured to both toluene and noise [78.6-87.1 A-weighted decibels; dB(A)], 58 workers exposed to noise only [83.5-90.1 dB(A)], and 58 ad...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8959
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Controversy remains regarding the relationship between ambient ozone and mortality worldwide. In mainland China, the largest developing country, there has been no prior study investigating the acute effect of O3 on death risk. Given the changes in types of air pollution from conventional coal combustion to t...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9014
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article we summarize the results of a series of studies that measured the relative bioavailability (RBA) of lead in a variety of soil and soil-like test materials. Reference material (Pb acetate) or Pb-contaminated soils were administered orally to juvenile swine twice a day for 15 days. Blood samples were col...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8852
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Prenatal exposure to some pesticides can adversely affect male reproductive health in animals. We investigated a possible human association between maternal exposure to 27 organochlorine compounds used as pesticides and cryptorchidism among male children. DESIGN:Within a prospective birth cohort, we perfo...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8741
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Residents living in communities near Superfund sites have expressed concern that releases from these facilities affect their health, including adverse effects on their immune systems. We used data from six cross-sectional studies to evaluate whether people who live near several Superfund sites are more likely to have ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8946
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are commonly used in the United States, and farmworkers are at risk for chronic exposure. Using a sample of 218 farmworkers in 24 communities and labor camps in eastern Washington State, we examined the association between agricultural crop and OP pesticide metabolite concentrations in ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8620
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major goal of studying farmworkers is to better understand how their work environment, including exposure to pesticides, affects their health. Although a number of health conditions have been associated with pesticide exposure, clear linkages have yet to be made between exposure and health effects except in cases of...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8526
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured tumor-associated proteins (TAPs) and pollutants in blood, serum, and urine of 200 nonsmoking women 50-65 years of age, residing in the rural municipality of Peer or in Hoboken or Wilrijk, industrial suburbs of Antwerp, Belgium. Persons with occupational exposures or commuting to other towns were excluded. ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8811
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::High cadmium exposure is known to cause bone damage, but the association between low-level cadmium exposure and osteoporosis remains to be clarified. Using a population-based women's health survey in southern Sweden [Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) ] with no known historical cadmium contamination, we investiga...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8763
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perchlorate (ClO4-) has been detected in groundwater sources in numerous communities in California and other parts of the United States, raising concerns about potential impacts on health. For California communities where ClO4- was tested in 1997 and 1998, we evaluated the prevalence of primary congenital hypothyroidi...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8176
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs, dioxins), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental endocrine disruptors that have half-lives of 7-10 years in the human body and have toxicities that probably include carcinogenesis. A high ratio of 4-hydroxyl estradiol (4-O...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8809
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we examined the impact of weather variability and tides on the transmission of Barmah Forest virus (BFV) disease and developed a weather-based forecasting model for BFV disease in the Gladstone region, Australia. We used seasonal autoregressive integrated moving-average (SARIMA) models to determine the c...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8568
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Short articles on the following topics: *NIEHS Strategic Plan: New Frontiers in Environmental Sciences and Human Health; Beyond the Bench: Environmental Health Nursing: Putting Knowledge into Practice; Headliners: Inhibition of RLIP76 Causes Complete Regression of Melanoma in Mice. ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descriptions of endocrine disruption have largely been associated with wildlife and driven by observations documenting estrogenic, androgenic, antiandrogenic, and antithyroid actions. These actions, in response to exposure to ecologically relevant concentrations of various environmental contaminants, have now been est...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8045
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic are common environmental pollutants in industrialized countries, but their combined impact on children's health is little known. We studied their effects on two main targets, the renal and dopaminergic systems, in > 800 children during a cross-sectional European survey. Control and ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8202
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many mammals methylate trivalent inorganic arsenic in liver to species that are released into the bloodstream and excreted in urine and feces. This study addresses how methylated arsenicals pass through cell membranes. We have previously shown that aquaglyceroporin channels, including Escherichia coli GlpF, Saccharomy...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8600
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Africa is quickly becoming a destination for information technology in the form of tons of used computers, fax machines, cell phones, and other electronics. Although many of these machines can be repaired and resold, up to 75% of the electronics shipped to Africa is junk. This equipment, when dumped, may leach lead, m...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.114-a232
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Man-made endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) present a threat to biodiversity, even in remote areas. To date, numerous wildlife species have been affected by EDCs in the environment, but it is likely that many more species are suffering effects that have not yet been reported. Impaired reproduction, damaged brain fu...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8070
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of global change on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning encompass multiple complex dynamic processes. Climate change and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are currently regarded as two of the most serious anthropogenic threats to biodiversity and ecosystems. We should, therefore, be espe...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8057
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of the environment for health is increasingly being recognized. There is a need for systematic approaches to assessment of environmental factors most relevant to health, health outcomes most influenced by the environment, and the relationships between them, as well as for approaches to representing th...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8321
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The World Health Organization is the agency responsible for reporting the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) indicator "percentage of population using solid fuels." In this article, we present the results of a comprehensive assessment of solid fuel use, conducted in 2005, and discuss the implications of our fi...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8603
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we evaluated the impact of long-term occupational exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg0) on the personality traits of ex-mercury miners. Study groups included 53 ex-miners previously exposed to Hg0 and 53 age-matched controls. Miners and controls completed the self-reporting Eysenck Personality Quest...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7863
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Along the Texas-Mexico border, the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) among Mexican-American women doubled during 1990-1991. The human outbreak began during the same crop year as epizootics attributed to exposure to fumonisin, a mycotoxin that often contaminates corn. Because Mexican Americans in Texas consume l...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8221
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Asians, Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans are a potentially high-risk group for dietary exposure to methylmercury through fish consumption. However, blood mercury levels in this group have not been identified in recent reports of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the y...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8464
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some have hypothesized that community water containing sodium silicofluoride and hydrofluosilicic acid may increase blood lead (PbB) concentrations in children by leaching of lead from water conduits and by increasing absorption of lead from water. Our analysis aimed to evaluate the relation between water fluoridation...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8319
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atmospheric pollution from vehicular traffic is a matter of growing interest, often leading to temporary restrictions in urban areas. Although guidelines indicate limits for several parameters, the real toxicologic impacts remain largely unexplored in field conditions. In this study our aim was to validate an ecotoxic...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8397
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression is a unique way of characterizing how cells and organisms adapt to changes in the external environment. The measurements of gene expression levels upon exposure to a chemical can be used both to provide information about the mechanism of action of the toxicant and to form a sort of "genetic signature" ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8194
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years there have been a significant number of publications on the benefits and challenges of community-based participatory research (CBPR). In this introduction we give an overview of three projects presented in this mini-monograph and highlight their commonalities and differences in developing community-uni...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7911
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In April 2004, one of the largest aflatoxicosis outbreaks occurred in rural Kenya, resulting in 317 cases and 125 deaths. Aflatoxin-contaminated homegrown maize was the source of the outbreak, but the extent of regional contamination and status of maize in commercial markets (market maize) were unknown. We conducted a...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7998
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of ground corncob bedding extracts characterized two components (peak I and peak II) that disrupted endocrine function in male and female rats and stimulated breast and prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitr...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8231
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human biomonitoring investigations have provided data on a wide array of chemicals in blood and urine and in other tissues and fluids such as hair and human milk. These data have prompted questions such as a) What is the relationship between levels of environmental chemicals in humans and external exposures? b) What i...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8197
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocrine disruption from environmental contaminants has been linked to a broad spectrum of adverse outcomes. One concern about endocrine-disrupting xenobiotics is the potential for additive or synergistic (i.e., greater-than-additive) effects of mixtures. A short-term dosing model to examine the effects of environmen...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8195
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to ultrafine particles (UFPs) from vehicle exhaust has been related to risk of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease and cancer, even though exposure assessment is difficult. We studied personal exposure in terms of number concentrations of UFPs in the breathing zone, using portable instruments in six 18-hr pe...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7562
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Principles and practices of pediatric neurotoxicology are reviewed here with the purpose of guiding the design and execution of the planned National Children's Study. The developing human central nervous system is the target organ most vulnerable to environmental chemicals. An investigation of the effects of environme...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7672
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fish and other seafood may contain organic mercury but also beneficial nutrients such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. We endeavored to study whether maternal fish consumption during pregnancy harms or benefits fetal brain development. We examined associations of maternal fish intake during pregnancy and maternal h...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8041
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Lower North Shore region of the St. Lawrence River is home to a fish-eating population that displays an unusually high body burden of several organochlorines, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). We measured biomarkers indicative of liver enzyme induction and investigated th...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7970
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We extended our previous analyses of term low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth to 1994-2000, a period of declining air pollution levels in the South Coast Air Basin. We speculated that the effects we observed previously for carbon monoxide, particulate matter < 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), and traffic...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7751
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water, and ingestion of inorganic arsenic (InAs) has been associated with increased risks of cancer. The primary metabolic pathway of ingested InAs is methylation to monomethyl arsenic (MMA) and dimethyl arsenic (DMA). However, people vary great...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7907
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00